indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
matter; affair; counter for (received) emails, text messages, voicemail messages, etc.; counter for accounts (on a website, email service, etc.)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
(what) the heck; (why) in the world; one object; one body; one form; one style
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
duty; responsibility (incl. supervision of staff); liability; onus
to take; to pick up; to pass; to hand; to get; to obtain; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to resound; to echo; to reverberate
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to include (in a group or scope); to instruct; to make one understand; to include (a nuance); to put in (an implication); to put in (someone's) mouth
king; ruler; tycoon; magnate; king (of the senior player)
direct control; direct supervision
force; unit; corps; squad; troops; party
counter for people (usu. seating, reservations and such); first name; famous; great; name; noun
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to collect; to assemble; to gather
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
dining room; dining hall; cafeteria; restaurant; eatery; snack bar
to face; to go towards; to head towards
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
call; summons; convening; convocation
notification; official notice; directive (e.g. from higher to lower levels of the administration); being well versed (in); being proficient (in)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
a short while ago; a moment ago; just now; some time ago
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
carefree; optimistic; careless; reckless; heedless; happy-go-lucky
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that