indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
(made of) stone; stone-built
room; chamber; apartment; flat; stable
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to stand (up); to rise; to stand (in a position; of a person, tree, building, etc.); to be situated (in, on); to be (in difficulties, the lead, etc.); to put oneself (in a position or situation); to leave (to do something)
wherein; therein; thereinto; among which
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to satisfy (conditions, one's appetite, etc.); to meet (e.g. demands); to fulfill; to fill (e.g. a cup); to pack; to supply
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
girl (usu. between 7 and 17); young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryō period)
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
to float; to be suspended; to rise to the surface; to appear; to come to mind; to have inspiration
long (distance, length); long (time); protracted; prolonged
second; secondary; quadratic (function, equation, etc.); second-order; fictional (in relation to anime, manga, etc.); drawn
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)
dainty; delicate; slender; fragile (e.g. furniture); delicate; frail
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
being lost for words; becoming speechless; jueju (Chinese quatrain with lines of either five or seven syllables)
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
to be ready; to be prepared; to be in order; to be put in order; to be adjusted; to be regulated
(physical) appearance (of a person); one's face and figure
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
reverse; opposite; converse (of a hypothesis, etc.); inverse (function)
beautiful; pretty; lovely; sweet; pure (heart, friendship, etc.)
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
artificial object; man-made object; artifact; artefact
to show signs of ...; to have the appearance of ...
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
to feel; to sense; to be moved (by); to be touched (by); to become infected with (an illness); to catch
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
more than anything; above all else
white; blank (e.g. paper); uncolored; innocent; not guilty; (arch.) bright
skin; body (in the context of intimate bodily contact); surface; grain (e.g. of wood); disposition; temperament
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")