indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
town; block; downtown; main street; street; road
royal capital; imperial capital
than; from; out of; except; but; more
far; distant; distant (past); remote (in time); distant (relationship or kinship); having little to do (with someone); far (from something else in quality, degree, etc.)
to be (in contrast to something that is not the case)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
one's dearest wish; Buddha's vow to save humanity
travelling on foot; traveling on foot; travelling all over
congratulation; congratulations; celebration; congratulatory gift; present
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to reach; to touch; to be delivered; to arrive; to be attentive; to be scrupulous
the past; bygone days; one's past (that one would prefer remained secret); past (tense); preterit; previous life
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
energy; vigour; vigor; liveliness; spirit; life
to grow hot (e.g. water); to boil; to get excited (at); to erupt (in applause, cheering, etc.); to ferment; to melt (of metal)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
leading actor; star; leading figure; central figure; key figure
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
intimacy; friendship; familiarity
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
dining room; dining hall; cafeteria; restaurant; eatery; snack bar
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
to swell; to rise; to bulge; to rouse; to get excited
similarly; same (idea); same (name)
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
proud; having a prominent nose
drama; theatre; theater; play
popularity; public favor; condition (e.g. market); tone; character
magic; witchcraft; sorcery; spell
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.); to make (a call)
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch