to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
older sister; elder sister
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
when one was a very young child; very early in one's life
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
frail; having a weak constitution; being in poor health
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
constant attendance; uninterrupted supervision; staying with someone all the time
lonely; lonesome; solitary; desolate
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to feel; to sense; to experience
there is no need to ...; never happens; there is never a time when
unwell; in a bad state; not working properly; out of order; inconvenient; troublesome
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
tender; kind; gentle; graceful; affectionate; amiable
to leave (in someone's keeping); to put (in someone's care); to put (someone) in charge of; to leave (a matter) in someone's hands; to lean on; to put one's weight on
marriage proposal; marriage talks
to come fluttering in (e.g. leaves, snow, flowers, etc.); to come dancing in; to drop in unexpectedly; to happen unexpectedly
honorific/polite/humble prefix
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
next (to); adjoining; adjacent; house next door; neighbouring house; next-door neighbour
territory; dominion; grounds (e.g. school)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
baron; Irish cobbler (variety of potato)
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
end; finish; bounds; limits; delivery date (of a futures contract); finale (of a noh song); end of an act (in jōruri or kabuki)
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
adopting a son-in-law into one's family; marrying off one's daughter