indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
feather; plume; wing; shuttlecock (in badminton)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to grow; to spring up; to sprout; to cut (teeth)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
lightly (floating, drifting, etc.); buoyantly; soft; fluffy; unsteadily; flightily
to fly; to soar; to jump; to leap; to spatter; to scatter; to hurry
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
small; little; slight; below average (in degree, amount, etc.); low (e.g. sound); soft (e.g. voice)
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
very; awfully; exceedingly; (not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
to be surprised; to be astonished
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
tender; kind; gentle; graceful; affectionate; amiable
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
other (place, thing, person); the rest; outside; beyond; nothing except; nothing but
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to anyone; to everyone; by anyone; by everyone; in everyone; in anyone
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
special; particular; extraordinary; exceptional; especial
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
friend; ally; supporter; taking sides with; supporting; standing by
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
use; utilization; utilisation; application
to wound; to injure; to hurt someone's feelings (pride, etc.); to damage; to chip
with ... as a start; taking advantage of; inspired by