indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
spring; springtime; New Year; prime (of life); height (of one's prosperity); adolescence
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to fill; to become full (of); to wax (of the moon); to rise (of the tide); to flow; to expire (of a period of time)
soft; tender; limp; subdued (colour or light) (color); gentle; meek
wind; breeze; manner; behaviour; cold; influenza
green; greenery (esp. fresh verdure)
odour; odor; scent; aura; whiff; smacks of ...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to carry; to transport; to come; to go; to wield (a tool, etc.); to use
bright (weather, mood, voice, etc.); clear; fine; beautiful; glorious; splendid
sunlight filtering through trees
to shine on; to illuminate; to compare (with); to refer to
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
high; tall; expensive; high-priced; high (level); above average (in degree, quality, etc.)
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
to tie; to bind; to bear (fruit); to close (e.g. deal); to confirm; to connect (two distant places); to close tightly
red; crimson; Red; communist; (arch.) beautiful
to decorate; to ornament; to display; to exhibit; to mark (e.g. the day with a victory); to adorn (e.g. the front page)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
slightly (of an action); (looking) small and quiet
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
squirrel (any mammal of family Sciuridae); Japanese squirrel (Sciurus lis)
to sit; to squat; to assume (a position); to hold steady; to hold still
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
to make sound (of an animal); to call; to cry; to make a meld call (e.g. pung, kong)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
green; emerald green; green color of new foliage; verdure
enjoyable; fun; pleasant; happy; delightful
seeming; giving the appearance of; giving one the feeling of
to shine; to glitter; to sparkle
at one's feet; underfoot; gait; pace; most recent; current