indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to be generally accepted; to be acknowledged by oneself and others
ordinary; common; commonplace; mediocre; unremarkable; undistinguished
university student; college student
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
(physical) appearance (of a person); one's face and figure
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
commonplace (of people or animals); ordinary; typical; ubiquitous; run-of-the-mill; found around every corner
normal; ordinary; normally; ordinarily; local train; train that stops at every station
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
(outward) looks; features; face; countenance; expression
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
character (of a person); personality; disposition; characteristics; nature (of a thing, event, etc.)
your house; your home; your husband; your organization; you
tendency; trend; inclination
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to be blessed with; to be rich in; to abound in
particularly; especially; in particular; expressly
dissatisfaction; discontent; displeasure; complaint; unhappiness
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
university; college; former central university of Kyoto (established under the ritsuryo system for the training of government administrators); the Great Learning (one of the Four Books)
to lead (a) life (usu. preceded by the type of life)
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
hobby; pastime; tastes; preference; liking
contribution (to a newspaper, magazine, etc.); submission; post (on a blog, social media, etc.)
site (usu. website); sight; payable on sight
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
one's own work; making by oneself
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
originally; by nature; from the start
to read; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant; to predict; to guess; to decipher; to count
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
stimulus; impetus; incentive; encouragement; motivation; provocation
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
I, myself; one-self; by one-self; even I; even one
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
what is called; as it is called; the so-called; so to speak