server; (cake) server; (water) dispenser; server (tennis, volleyball, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to release; to let go; to free; to add (pieces of eggplant, potato, etc.) to water, broth, etc.
short pause; short interval
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
slowly; quietly; steadily; soon; momentarily; before long
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
end (of play, match, etc.); closing; closing a pachinko machine (after it has paid out its designated maximum)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
don't you think?; indicates question
drawing up (e.g. legal document, contract, will, etc.); preparing; writing; framing; making; producing
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
eve (esp. Christmas Eve); the night before
anniversary of a person's death; monthly return of the date of someone's death
ago; since; before; previous
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
destruction by fire; losing in a fire; being burnt down
how much; something over; and something; however (much); no matter how
remarkable ability; mastery; brilliant technique; go-getter; resourceful person; wizard
engineer; technical expert; technician; craftsperson
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
the future (usually distant); future tense; the world to come
snare; trap (for catching wild game, etc.); trap (i.e. ruse, subterfuge, etc.)
to start; to begin; to challenge; to pick (a fight); to set (traps); to plant (explosives)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to be able (in a position) to do; to be up to the task; to be ready; to be completed; to be made; to be built; to be good at
something; something or other; so-and-so; somehow; anyhow; one way or another
plot; scheme; trick; design; intrigue; artifice
to prevent; to take precautions
to be able (to); to be possible (to)
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
very; extremely; terrible; horrid; remarkable; extraordinary
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
absurd; unreasonable; excessive; very; extremely; excessively
to write (e.g. a letter); to draw up (a document); to take down (e.g. notes); to have (lunch, dinner, etc.); to eat