that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
king; queen; monarch; the Crown (as a focus of authority in the UK, etc.); the throne
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
official letter (from the Emperor, Prime Minister, etc.); personal message; handwritten letter; autograph letter
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to originate with; to start with; to stem from
messenger; envoy; emissary
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
invitation; summons; bidding (e.g. to host the Olympics); calling
Your Majesty; His Majesty; Her Majesty
prime minister; premier; chancellor
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
small quantity; little; little while; short distance
to stare in wonder; to be amazed
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
to nod; to bow one's head in assent; to agree
what; what sort of thing; everything; anything; what (on earth)?; what's the meaning of this ...?
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to be perturbed; to be agitated
untalkative; quiet; taciturn; reticent; uncommunicative
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
emotion; feeling; feelings; sentiment
to place on (something); to give (someone) a ride; to give a lift; to load (luggage); to carry; to send out (on the airwaves, etc.); to deceive
unusual; rare; new; novel; fine (e.g. gift)
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to be (in contrast to something that is not the case)
king; ruler; tycoon; magnate; king (of the senior player)
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
favourable; favorable; doing well; OK; all right
to advance; to go forward; to precede; to go ahead (of); to make progress; to improve; to deepen
ten; 10; ten years of age
indicates position in a sequence; divisions of a kabuki performance
first; firstly; first of all; Introduction; Preface
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question