wild flower; paper flowers (esp. as decoration at a funeral)
mitsuba (Cryptotaenia japonica); Japanese honewort; Japanese honeywort; three-leaved; trefoil
senior high school; high school
annual (plant); first-year student
gender; distinction of sex; sex
woman; female; feminine gender
height (of body); stature
front and rear; front and back; before and after; around; about; order; context
(physical) appearance (of a person); one's face and figure
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
thin; pale; light; watery; thin; weak (taste, etc.); little (affection, etc.) not much (of a presence)
pink; erotic (usually used in relation to the sex industry); blue; pornographic
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
clover (Trifolium repens); white clover; Dutch clover; clubs (card suit)
form; tense; adjective; i-adjective (in Japanese)
decoration; ornament; trimmings
pin (e.g. hairpin, bowling pin, golf pin, etc.); one (on dice, in cards, etc.); beginning; best; kickback
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to stop; to turn off; to park; to prevent; to suppress (a cough); to stop (someone from doing something); to dissuade
protagonist; main character; hero(ine) (of a story); head of household
magical powers; supernatural powers; spell; charm
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
low (rank, degree, value, content, quality, etc.); low (position); close to the ground; short (height); deep (voice); in a low key
to fall behind; to drop out; to drop; to fall; to spill
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
stairs; stairway; staircase
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to thrust down; to push off
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
white gem (esp. a pearl); rice flour dumpling; white-flowered camellia
by means of; due to; because of; according to
remainder of one's life; one's remaining days; time left (to live)
extension; elongation; prolongation; Enchō era (923.4.11-931.4.26)