indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
really; truly; indeed; very; extremely; terribly
self-indulgent; undisciplined; slovenly; debauched; negligent
daily; everyday; days (e.g. of one's youth); every day; day after day
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to send; to dispatch; to see (someone) off; to escort; to bid farewell to (the departed); to say goodbye to; to spend (time)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
high; tall; expensive; high-priced; high (level); above average (in degree, quality, etc.)
to ascend (as a natural process, e.g. the Sun); to rise; to be promoted
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
warehouse; storehouse; cellar; magazine; granary; godown
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to wake up; to sober up; to come to one's senses; to become enlightened
late at night; at a late hour
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
book; volume; this; present; main; head; real
to read; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant; to predict; to guess; to pronounce; to read (e.g. a kanji)
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
all day long; all the day; throughout the day
to stay indoors; to be confined indoors
light; illumination; ray; happiness; hope; influence; power
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
almost; nearly; hardly; barely; large majority; large proportion
to be hit; to strike; to touch; to be in contact; to be equivalent to; to be applicable; to be right on the money (of a prediction, criticism, etc.)
because; as; since; because of that; therefore; accordingly
skin; body (in the context of intimate bodily contact); surface; grain (e.g. of wood); disposition; temperament
white; blank (e.g. paper); uncolored; innocent; not guilty; (arch.) bright
pupil (of the eye); one's eyes
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
seeming; giving the appearance of; giving one the feeling of
blue; azure; green; green light (traffic); black (horse coat color); blue 5-point card; immature
surplus; margin; leeway; composure; placidity; complacency
to hide; to conceal oneself; to disappear (behind); to be hidden (by); to live in seclusion; to retire (from the world)