indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
Eiwa era (of the Northern Court) (1375.2.27-1379.3.22)
senior high school; high school
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
entry to school or university; matriculation; enrolment (in university, etc.) (enrollment)
what is called; as it is called; the so-called; so to speak
female high-school student
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
approximate age; apparent age; marriageable age (esp. of a woman); age of maturity; appropriate age (to ...); old enough (to ...)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
thank you; thanks; much (thanks); very (sorry); quite; really; somehow
world; society; people; the public
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
fashion; trend; vogue; prevalence (of a disease); epidemic
distant (from someone); aloof; estranged; knowing little (of); ill-informed (about); ignorant (of)
seeming ...; appearing ...; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...
one long straight object (e.g. strand of hair, beam of light, wisp of smoke); a single bloodline; earnest; resolute; (arch.) ordinary; (arch.) common
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
pretext; history; past; according to ...; ... says
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
ignorant of the ways of the world
primary school; elementary school; grade school
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
(much) more than others; exceedingly; extremely; unusually
that road (path, street, way, etc.); that line (of business); that profession; love affairs; romance
to carry to extremes; to go to the end of something; to investigate thoroughly; to master
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
small quantity; little; little while; short distance
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
to be dented; to be indented; to be beaten; to be overwhelmed; to be disheartened; to feel down