don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
the other day; lately; recently; meanwhile; in the meantime
car; automobile; vehicle; wheel
part; portion; amount; worth (as in "two days' worth"); one's means; one's place; one's duty
farm tariff; rice field tax
to take on; to undertake; to take over; to inherit; to guarantee; to vouch for
starvation; famine; hunger
to gasp; to pant; to breathe hard; to suffer; to struggle
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
emperor; ruler (with a heavenly mandate); heavenly being; celestial being
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
to obey (an order, law, etc.); to abide by (a rule, custom, etc.); to follow (a person); to accompany; to go alongside (e.g. a river); to follow (e.g. a sign)
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
to give directions; to issue instructions
sign; indication; call; summons; requisition; expropriation
to be able (to); to be possible (to)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
medium; average; moderation; middle school; China; volume two (of three); during (a certain time when one did or is doing something)
morality; righteousness; meaning; teachings; doctrine; nonconsanguineous relationship (i.e. of in-laws)
subordinate; secondary; junior; incidental
barbarian tribes surrounding ancient China
Japanese plum (Prunus salicina); Chinese plum
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
Song dynasty (China, 960-1279); Sung dynasty; Liu Song dynasty (China, 420-479); Liu Sung dynasty; Song (ancient Chinese state, 11th century-286 BCE); Sung
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
impregnable castle; inner castle citadel; golden castle (nickname for Nagoya Castle)
to face; to go towards; to head towards
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
to change; to be transformed; to move to; to be different; to be uncommon
nth year in the Heisei era (1989.1.8-2019.4.30)
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
viceroy; governor-general
Chen (ancient Chinese state, approx. 1045-479 BCE); Ch'en; Chen dynasty (China, 557-589 BCE); Ch'en dynasty
north; the North; northern territories; North Korea; (arch.) north wind
attack on both sides; pincer movement; double envelopment
by means of; due to; because of; according to