1. step; stair; rung; (flight of) steps
2. shelf; layer; tier
3. grade; level; class
4. dan (degree of advanced proficiency in martial arts, go, shogi, etc.); rank
5. paragraph; passage
6. column (of print)
7. act (in kabuki, joruri, etc.); section; scene
8. row of the multiplication table (e.g. five times table)
9. stage (in a process); phase; occasion; time; moment; situation
10. matter; occasion
as ...の段
11. degree; extent
as ...どころの段ではない, ...という段じゃない, etc.
12. counter for breaks in written language or speech