さん
Meanings
Numeric
1. three; 3
参 is used in legal documents
Kanji used
three
Pitch accent
Top 700
Used in vocabulary (299 in total)
three people
three years
three times; thrice; third (musical interval); many times; over and over again
thirteen; 13; king (playing card)
third floor
three times
third-year student
two or three
3 o'clock; afternoon snack (eaten around 3 o'clock); three ages of Buddhism (following the death of Gautama Buddha; age of the true law, age of the copied law, and age of the degeneration of the law); three ages of the dharma
triangle; triangular shape
third; no. three
three flat objects (sheets of paper, pieces of cloth, etc.); cutting a fish into two boneless fillets and a piece with the skeleton
three times (as much); treble; triple; threefold
the three character styles: square and semicursive and grass
one third; a third part
three sons; third son
the big three ...
set of three; three sets; three classes
third stage; three stages
three dimensions; three dimensional; 3D; real world; IRL (in real life)
three generations; third generation immigrant; sansei; the third (e.g. Henry III)
third rank (in the Japanese court system); Trinity; the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit
third-rate; third-class
three generations; three periods; third generation
triple; treble; threefold; three-ply; triplicate
three wheels
again and again; repeatedly
one four-of-a-kind and one three-of-a-kind in a dealt hand; three and a four (in dice games)
third daughter
three kinds; three varieties
three persons; three parties
7 or 3 ratio; hair parted on one side
third; tertiary; cubic (function, equation, etc.); third-order
twenty-third day of the month; twenty-three days
three colours; three colors; triple run; winning hand containing the same chow in each of the three suits; triple pung; winning hand containing the same pung in each of the three suits
three noble families (Kan'in, Kazan'in, and Nakanoin or Koga); three branch Tokugawa families (Owari, Kii, and Mito)
three meals (a day)
tripod; three legs
third class
petty underling; small fry
thirty-first day of the month; thirty-one days
paltry amount of money; cheapness; worthlessness; three one-mon coins
third grade; third class; tertiary
third year of junior high school; third-year junior high school student
three-digit number; hundreds column
three-stranded
to divide into three (parts); to trisect
great army; mighty host; whole army
large triple gate to temple
three sides; three faces; page three (of a newspaper)
three branches of Buddhist sutras
triangular pyramid
festival (shrine visit) by children aged 7, 5 and 3; lucky numbers 7, 5 and 3
San'etsu (the three former provinces of Echizen, Etchū and Echigo)
instrumental trio
forked stick
being highly educated, having a high salary and being tall; (lit.) three highs; high-valued yen, high stock prices and high land prices (usu. in reference to the Bubble Era)
first three days of the New Year (January 1-3)
third year of high school; third-year high-school student
change again and again; seesaw back and forth; being in a state of flux; backtracking repeatedly
third time lucky; third time's the charm
third proof
three-day weekend; long weekend; three holidays in a row
the three princesses; three kabuki roles regarded as some of the hardest to perform
second anniversary of a death
three highest ranks (wrestling, unions, etc.); three parts; three divisions
three parts; three copies
out on a third-base liner
outermost region of the castle
three-cornered hat; tricorne
three lords (highest ranking officials in the old Imperial Chinese or Japanese governments)
each of the three being different from the other two; each of the three having his (her) own way
in earnest; single-minded; with intense concentration; one and only; unique
three-way deadlock
three primary colors (colours); trichromatic
kitchen maid; kitchen duties; cooking
wielding three swords; player who can play as pitcher, fielder and batter
the three powers: heaven, earth and man
three enlightened men (Buddha, Confucius and Christ; Lao-tzu, Confucius and Buddha; etc.); three sages; three virtuous men; the three most accomplished people (of a particular craft or trade)
three or four days
23rd night of a lunar month (esp. 8th month); moon-waiting party held on 23rd night of a lunar month
third year of elementary school; third year elementary school student
three mountains; three shrines (of Kumano); three kingdoms (of 14th and 15th-century Okinawa)
triple handicap (esp. blindness, deafness and mutism)
three large cities (esp. Edo, Kyoto, and Osaka during the Edo period)
Sanriku (the three former provinces of Rikuzen, Rikuchū and Rikuō)
male bathhouse attendant
cube; third power
three boxes; three box-shaped things; three containers
three wins in a row
after-afterparty; third party of the night
shamisen; samisen; sanxian (Chinese lute); three string instruments (in gagaku; biwa, wagon and sou); three-stringed instrument
Estates General; States-General
third year (college) student; junior
Buddha triad; image of a Buddha attended by two Bodhisattvas; The Three Jewels; Buddha, the teachings of Buddha, and the community of monks and nuns; head and shoulders (stock price, etc. chart pattern); the three people one must esteem: master, father, teacher
three-second rule (food hygiene myth); three seconds rule (basketball)
three great people (e.g. of the Meiji Restoration)
the three worms (in Taoism); worms that inhabit the human gut and, on the eve of the 57th day of the sexagenary cycle, ascend to heaven during one's sleep to report on one's wrongdoings
three and a half lines
day laborer (in construction, etc.); day labourer
the three deities (Marici, Mahakala, Sarasvati); the three celestials (Shiva, Vishnu and Brahma)
AA battery; AA cell
winner of triple crown
third watch of the night (approx. 11pm to 1am)
the three powers of government (legislative, executive and judicial)
three secondary Tokugawa branch families (Tayasu, Shimizu, and Hitotsubashi)
shamisen; samisen; three-stringed Japanese lute
the three kleshas that poison the heart of man (desire, ill will and ignorance)
shamisen; samisen; sanxian (Chinese lute); three string instruments (in gagaku; biwa, wagon and sou); three-stringed instrument
Triad (secret Chinese society usually associated with organized crime)
third degree of kinship
three-times-three exchange of nuptial cups
three-base hit; triple
three-line classified advertisement
threefold training; three divisions of the noble eightfold path
fifty-three stations on the Tōkaidō (Edo-Kyoto highway in Edo-period Japan)
trio; triumvirate; three famous retainers
the world of hungry spirits and the world of animals; three evil worlds hell; three evils (prostitution, drugs and venereal diseases)
three types of relatives (e.g. father, children and grandchildren; parents, siblings, wife and children; etc.)
potbelly; beer belly
adenosine triphosphate; ATP
15th day of the 1st, 7th and 10th lunar months; heaven, earth and man; January 1; New Year's Day; ternary
pansy (Viola tricolor var. hortensis); garden pansy; wild pansy (Viola tricolor); heartsease
seven to three (chances)
Unit 731 (biological warfare unit of the Japanese Imperial Army)
Unit 731 (biological warfare unit of the Japanese Imperial Army)
Japan's three antinuclear principles (against producing, possessing and allowing the entry of nuclear weapons into Japanese territory)
Shinto, Buddhism and Confucianism; (lit.) the three religions; Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism; Buddhism, Shinto and Christianity
21st day after death; 21st day after birth
the three most important cities (esp. in ref. to Tokyo, Osaka, Nagoya)
three kinds of awareness
three primary virtues: valour, wisdom and benevolence (valor)
third-term election
(Sun Yat-sen's) Three Principles of the People
(Sun Yat-sen's) Three Principles of the People
pansy (Viola tricolor var. hortensis); garden pansy; wild pansy (Viola tricolor); heartsease
dotted line (printing); ellipsis (mark)
the three entertainment district enterprises: eating houses, geisha houses, meeting places for assignations, etc.
adoration which is performed three times or repeatedly; act of worship which is performed three times or repeatedly
breaking into cold sweat when one is very embarrassed or scared
recruit (former rank in the JSDF)
Sanron sect (of Buddhism)
three Cs; three conditions that facilitate the transmission of infectious diseases (closed spaces, crowds, and close contact); three mysteries (Buddha's body, speech and mind)
in groups of twos and threes; in small groups
each of the three being different from the other two; each of the three having his (her) own way
three phases
three concealed pungs
the three phases of matter: solid, liquid and gas
three famous beauty spots
pansy (Viola tricolor var. hortensis); garden pansy; wild pansy (Viola tricolor); heartsease
deep admiration; repeatedly lamenting
second anniversary of a death
win worth 24000 points (or, if dealer, 36000 points)
win worth 24000 points (or, if dealer, 36000 points)
trio; triumvirate; three famous retainers
the wrongdoer never lacks a pretext; even thieves have their reasons
to keep one's distance from someone (due to fear or because that person is superior)
three special awards for wrestlers at the end of a tournament
broad daylight
fine high-grade Japanese refined sugar
sergeant (JGSDF)
three crops a year
third string (of a shamisen, etc.)
deep admiration; repeatedly lamenting
three kongs; winning hand containing three kongs
national of a third country; foreigner resident in Japan (esp. Chinese and Korean)
three outs
thirty-three temples sacred to Kannon (Avalokitesvara)
thirty-three temples sacred to Kannon (Avalokitesvara)
three Graces; Charites
full signal strength (on a cellphone); good cellphone reception; (lit.) three bars
the "three noes principle" of no drive, no interest, and no sense of responsibility; principle of indolence, indifference, and irresponsibility
the "three noes principle" of no drive, no interest, and no sense of responsibility; principle of indolence, indifference, and irresponsibility
third person singular present
land-tax rate during the Edo period, in which the government took 70 percent of the year's crop and the farmers kept 30 percent
three shop system; system employed by pachinko parlours of using separate shops to exchange prizes for cash as a way of circumventing gambling laws
the world of hungry spirits and the world of animals; three evil worlds hell
three activities (action, speech and thought)
third degree of kinship
three-act structure (in screenwriting: setup, confrontation, resolution)
adenosine triphosphate; ATP
combined vaccination for diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough) and tetanus
being thrice divorced; three-time divorcee; three x marks (i.e. three names struck from the family register)
being thrice divorced; three-time divorcee; three x marks (i.e. three names struck from the family register)
règle des trois unités; the three unities (time, place and action)
three great oceans (Pacific, Atlantic and Indian)
traditional method of stirring soba while cooking
koto, alcohol and poetry; (lit.) the three loves; the three desires of the realms of existence
Japan's Three Famous Mountains (Mt. Fuji, Mt. Tate and Mt. Haku)
three causes of Buddha nature
the three Wuhan Cities
three famous beauty spots
triangular pyramid with equilateral base
being thrice divorced; three-time divorcee; three x marks (i.e. three names struck from the family register)
being thrice divorced; three-time divorcee; three x marks (i.e. three names struck from the family register)
notoginseng (Panax pseudoginseng)
highest ranking prostitute in Yoshiwara (from the Houreki era onward)
a glib tongue (with fair words); fluent talk designed to deceive; talk something away
Third Epistle of John (book of the Bible)
firstly vision, secondly footwork, thirdly courage, fourthly technique (the most important aspects of kendo)
the "thirty-percent autonomy" of local governments
the three guardian deities in time of war (Marici, Mahakala and Vaisravana)
Triconodonta; Eutriconodonta; order of early mammals
(child in the) terrifying threes
ternary operator; conditional operator
baby colic (in infants around 3 months old)
the three creator gods (Amanominakanushi no Kami, Takamimusuhi no Kami and Kamimusuhi no Kami)
the three creator gods (Amanominakanushi no Kami, Takamimusuhi no Kami and Kamimusuhi no Kami)
even small mistakes can be costly
Three Noes (former Taiwan policy of no contact, no negotiation and no compromise with China)
thirteen orphans; winning hand containing one of each terminal and honor tile
good things do not last long
kami of the three main Kumano shrines
winter, night, and rainy weather; the ideal conditions for reading
three mental disturbances
three public corporations (Japan National Railways, Japan Monopoly Corporation, and Nippon Telegraph and Telephone) and five government enterprises (postal services, mintage, printing, management of state-owned forests/fields, and monopolization of alcohol)
36 Initials (system for transcribing initial consonants of Middle Chinese)
Japan's Three Holy Mountains (Mt. Fuji, Mt. Tate and Mt. Haku)
three summer months
chromic anhydride (CrO3)
baby colic (in infants around 3 months old)
three methods of Chinese divination (Lian Shan of the Xia period, Gui Cang of the Yin period and Zhou Yi of the Zhou period)
three ministries (under the ritsuryo system: Ministries of Civil Services, Health and War); three departments (in Tang-dynasty China: Secretariat, Chancellory and Dept. of State Affairs)
six-three system of education (six years of elementary school, followed by three years of junior high school)
furthest pine tree from a noh stage (of the three placed in front of the bridge walkway)
hourglass drum used in Nara-period court music
guanosine triphosphate; GTP
trisaccharide
three bonds (in Confucianism: master and servant, father and son, husband and wife)
Sanmonto sect (of Shin Buddhism)
three main Kumano Shrines (Kumano Hongu Taisha, Kumano Nachi Taisha, Kumano Hayatama Taisha)
three wholesome roots (no coveting, no anger, no delusion)
repeated reading; close (careful) reading; careful perusal
Grand Empress Dowager, the Empress Dowager and the Empress Consort
guanosine triphosphate; GTP
the three sacred mountains: Fuji, Atsuta, and Kumano
kitchen maid; kitchen duties; cooking
yellow stem borer (species of moth, Scirpophaga incertulas)
three days' march (approx. 36.5 km)
three kinds of harmful friends: hypocritical, sycophantic, and glib-talking ones
three kinds of beneficial friends: straightforward, sincere, and well-informed ones
Sanjō Station (Kyoto)
Sangō Station (Nara)
Examples (56 in total)
Three weeks went by.
The court session lasted for three hours.
I had no more than three pounds.