1. above; over; up
彼は上を指差す。He points upward.
2. top; summit; upper part; head (e.g. of a staircase)
3. surface; on (top of)
テーブルの上で見つけて、私、びっくりしちゃったわ。I was surprised when I found it on the table.
4. the above (in a piece of writing); earlier part
5. superior; better; higher (position, rank, etc.); upper (class)
実力ではお前が上だ。In terms of ability, you are superior.
6. elder; older; senior
7. with respect to ...; in terms of; as far as ... is concerned; when (e.g. drunk)
as ...上で(は) or ...上の
8. besides ...; in addition to ...; on top of ...; as well as ...
as ...上(に)
9. after ...; upon ...; on ...; with (e.g. full awareness); as a result of ...
as ...上(で)
まさか、そんなに色々と考えた上でのあの派手な行動だったとは。I never imagined that such flashy behavior was the result of thinking about so many things.
10. since ...; now that ...; because ...
as ...上は
11. honorable; venerable; dear
after a person of higher status
12. emperor; sovereign; shogun; daimyo