Adverb
Adjective (の)
Noun
Suffix
1. above; up; over; elder (e.g. daughter)
2. top; summit; head (e.g. of a staircase)
3. surface
4. before; previous
5. superiority; one's superior; one's elder
6. on top of that; besides; what's more; not only ... but
following a verb or adjective
7. upon (further inspection, etc.); based on (and occurring after)
following a verb or noun
8. matters concerning ...; as concerns ...
9. since (i.e. "for that reason")
as ～上は
10. honorable; venerable
suffix indicating higher social standing than the speaker
11. place of one's superior (e.g. the throne)
12. emperor; sovereign; shogun; daimyo
13. noblewoman (esp. the wife of a nobleman)