myself; yourself; I; me; you
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
normal; ordinary; normally; ordinarily; local train; train that stops at every station
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to notice; to recognize; to recognise; to become aware of; to perceive; to realize
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
about when; about what time; how soon
it was, wasn't it?; must have been; I think (it was); how might it have been?
anyone; anybody; everyone; whoever
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
to; for; from the standpoint of; as far as ... is concerned
natural; reasonable; obvious; usual; common; ordinary
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
general; popular; common; typical
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
in that way; thus; so; so?
it is not (like that) either
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
such; like that; that sort of; very
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
space (between); gap; period of time (during, while); duration; between (two parties or things); among (a group); relations (between)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
unattractive; ugly; unstylish; uncool
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
(not) even once; (not) ever
renovation (e.g. a house); redecoration; makeover; updating
as it is; as one likes; because; condition; state
... years since construction; ... years old (of a building); built in ...
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
surroundings; environs; circumference
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
relatively; comparatively
floating; buoyancy; fishing float; bobber; buoy; lifebuoy
to rise; to go up; to enter (esp. from outdoors); to come in; to enter (a school); to advance to the next grade; to get out (of water)
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to memorize; to memorise; to learn; to pick up; to feel; to think