indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to differ (from); to vary; to not be in the usual condition; to not match the correct (answer, etc.); to be different from promised; isn't it?
at this juncture; after all this time; at this stage; now
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
memories; recollections; reminiscence
to get cloudy; to cloud over; to cloud up; to fog up; to be gloomy; to be clouded (expression)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
here and there; in places
faintly; weakly; dimly; fool; simpleton; dimwit
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
easy; trifling; harmless; nothing of the sort; not at all
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to show someone (into a room)
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
very young; little; childish; immature
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
to exchange (messages, greetings, arguments, etc.); to intersect; to cross; ... with one another; ... to each other
feel (i.e. tactile sensation); touch; feeling; sensation; texture (e.g. food, cloth)
clearly; plainly; distinctly; to be clear; to be definite; to be certain
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to memorize; to memorise; to learn; to pick up; to feel; to think
that being the case; because of ...; the reason is ...; given that ...
certain; sure; definite; reliable; sound; solid
surely; undoubtedly; sternly; severely; having no slack; rigid
to be precocious; to be mature for one's age; to seem grown-up; to seem mature
because ...; for ...; the reason being ...; as for ...; when it comes to ...; regarding ...