expectation; anticipation; purpose; intention; others' opinions of one; speculation
abolition of the han system and establishment of prefectures (1871)
major powers of the world; great powers
to stand, walk, etc. shoulder-to-shoulder; to be on a par with
beyond one's means or position
running fast; double time; cantering; doing things in a hurry
rise of the curtain; opening of a play; beginning (e.g. of an era); start; opening (of a tournament, festival, etc.)
Western-style; Western-fashioned
to praise extravagantly; to lionize; to lionise; to make much of
to scorn; to despise; to hold in contempt; to look down on; to disdain
plunge basin; waterfall lake; plunge pool; basin under a waterfall
colonization; colonisation
Europe and the United States; Europe and America; the West
detonation by contact; contact detonation; touching off (something); triggering; sparking
to sit in a row; to be arrayed
enrich the country, strengthen the army
political measures; policy
military service; conscription
Japan and Russia; Russo-Japanese
outbreak (e.g. of war); outburst; sudden occurrence
reckless; daredevil; frantic; foolhardy
modernization; modernisation
to go up the stairs; to climb the stairs
unfair; unjust; wrongful; improper; unreasonable; unwarranted
germ; germs; bacteria; something dirty or harmful; vermin
and then; and so; and; so then
to purify; to cleanse; to exorcise; to purge; to ward off
to stray into; to lose one's way (and enter); to wander into
flesh; meat; flesh (of a fruit); pulp; the physical body (as opposed to the spirit); flesh; thickness
famine; crop failure; chronic shortage (e.g. of water)
dry riverbed; river beach
deadly serious; deadly earnest
groundless (rumour, accusation, etc.); unfounded; baseless; without a shred of truth
slander; libel; defamation; calumny; smear
historical; traditional; historic
authenticity; credibility
to fan (oneself, flames, etc.); to flap (in the wind); to instigate; to stir up; to drive up prices (by buying a large amount of something); to take a photo from a low angle; to tailgate
traditional Japanese engagement ceremony involving ritual gift exchange between families; ceremonial engagement gifts
marriage proposal; marriage talks
to lie; to pretend; to feign; to deceive; to trick