to start; to begin; to commence
gossip; corner of the mouth
to be lifted up; to be hung up; to twitch upwards; to turn upward; to slant upward
economic; financial; economical; thrifty; frugal
geopolitical; geostrategic
founding a country; opening of a country (e.g. Japan) to the world; ending (a policy of) national seclusion
remarkable; striking; brilliant; splendid; spectacular; wonderful
major powers of the world; great powers
visiting one's constituency; (arch.) feudal lord's return to his estate
large country; major nation; great power; province of the highest rank (ritsuryo system)
east and west; Orient and Occident; East and West; ladies and gentlemen!; your attention, please!
democratic nation; democratic country
post-war recovery; post-war reconstruction
hanging low (over); hovering around (price level); low hanging (e.g. clouds); sluggish (e.g. economy); slump; recession
Asian countries; Asian nations
colonization; colonisation
European countries; European nations
to exert (influence); to exercise; to cause (e.g. damage); to do (e.g. harm); to bring about (e.g. benefits); to extend
Western countries; (former) Western Bloc countries
(sink) deeply (into mud, snow, etc.); (thrust) deeply (into a soft object); (involved) too deeply (in a matter, relationship, etc.); drenched; soaked; (arch.) extremely (drunk)
product past its prime; TV show, video game, etc. that has jumped the shark
capital (esp. Kyoto, Japan's former capital); seat of government; capital (of music, fashion, etc.); city (e.g. of light); location of the Imperial Palace
household (electrical) appliances; home appliances; consumer electronics
unshapely; ill-formed; misshapen; awkward; clumsy
netsuke; carved toggle used to tether a small container to the sash of a robe
to find fault (with); to cavil (at); to carp (about); to throw a wet blanket (on); to throw cold water (on); to jinx
unique; individual; original; unusual
stock-in-trade; tools of one's trade
spike (on a shoe or tyre); stud; spiked shoes; spikes; injuring (an opposing player) with the spikes on one's shoes; spiking
large stage; grand stage; the big stage; grand setting
waiting room; anteroom; antechamber; green room
human power; human strength; human effort; human agency
personal identification number; PIN; password number
column; beam; girder; digit; decade; order of magnitude
than; other than; except; but