place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
female; woman; female sex; female lover; girlfriend; mistress
a family; a household; (one's own) style; school; gang; (yakuza) family
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to live; to get along; to spend (time)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
next (to); adjoining; adjacent; house next door; neighbouring house; next-door neighbour
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
siblings; brothers and sisters; brothers; siblings-in-law; brothers-in-law; mate
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
small quantity; little; little while; short distance
chilly; unpleasantly cold
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
November; eleventh month of the lunar calendar
first 10 days of the month
slowly; quietly; steadily; soon; momentarily; before long
futon; Japanese bedding consisting of a mattress and a duvet; round cushion used for Zen meditation (traditionally made of woven bulrush leaves)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
to get fed up with; to get sick of; to become disgusted with
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
name; given name; first name
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
full of (e.g. mistakes); riddled with; covered all over with (blood, mud, etc.)
shop; store; somebody who sells (something) or works as (something); somebody with a (certain) personality trait; house; roof
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
to raise; to rear; to train; to teach; to promote the growth of; to nurture
exceedingly; extremely; decisively
healthy; sound; wholesome
and; moreover; besides; as well as; and on top of that; at the same time
normal; ordinary; normally; ordinarily; local train; train that stops at every station
educational institution; school; academy; campus