indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
mouth; opening; hole; mouth (of a bottle); spout; gate; door
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
I, myself; one-self; by one-self; even I; even one
to be surprised; to be amazed; to be frightened; surprise (e.g. surprise party)
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
angry voice; one's voice when shouting with anger
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to jump out; to rush out; to appear (suddenly); to protrude; to project; to butt in
lunch; noon; midday; daytime; waking up; getting up
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
corridor; hallway; passageway
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
many; numerous; large amount of; large quantity of; frequent; common
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
centre of attention; center of attention
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
reality; actuality; practice (as opposed to theory); truly; really; bhutakoti (limit of reality)
lunch break; noon recess; noon rest period
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
elegant; graceful; refined; leisurely; comfortable; easy
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to pass (time); to spend; to overdo (esp. of one's alcohol consumption); to drink (alcohol); (arch.) to take care of; (arch.) to support
(another's) daughter; young lady (of pampered upbringing); woman who has never known hardship; naive woman
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
quite; entirely; completely; as if; as though; just like
rare (or peculiar) animal
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
just before one's eyes; in one's presence; personally
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
running as fast as one can
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to stop (moving); to come to a stop; to stop (doing, working, being supplied); to come to a halt; to alight; to perch on
indicates supposition; if ... then; when; (typically after someone's name) indicates exasperation
but (still); and yet; nevertheless; even so; notwithstanding
before one's eyes; in front of one; under one's nose; immediate; imminent; around the corner
to run; to run (of a vehicle); to drive; to rush (to); to dash; to retreat; to flee