goal; target; aim; mark; sign; landmark
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
seashore; coast; seaside; waterfront; beach
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to face; to go towards; to head towards
flight; desertion; escape
medium (size); average (grade, level, etc.); in; within; during; while; currently (doing)
older sister; elder sister; young lady; miss; ma'am
to chase; to run after; to follow (a set order, a trend, etc.); to drive out; to get rid of; to drive (e.g. a herd)
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
bright red; deep red; flushed (of face); downright (e.g. lie); complete; utter
guy; fellow; chap; bastard; asshole; arsehole
absolutely; definitely; absolute; unconditional; absoluteness
adds emphasis to the following verb or indicates that the action is done forcefully or violently
to catch; to capture; to grab; to clutch; to catch hold of (someone); to stop (e.g. a stranger in the street)
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
to be able to do; to be possible; to be good at; to do well; to come into existence; to form; to be made
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
finally; in the end; at last; in the end; after all; never (happened)
until now; till now; up to now; up to the present; so far
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
masterpiece; masterwork; chef d'oeuvre; (unintentionally) hilarious; absurd (e.g. blunder); outrageous
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
to enter; to come in; to join (a club, company, etc.); to enter (a university, the army, etc.); to be contained (in); to be included (in); to (be able to) fit (in a container, building, etc.)
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
pure; innocent; pure; unmixed; long kimono made from the same plain-coloured cloth
girl (usu. between 7 and 17); young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryō period)
pupil (of the eye); one's eyes
to be reflected; to harmonize with (harmonise); to come out (photo); to be projected; to be displayed (on a screen)
cruel; brutal; ruthless; merciless; inhuman
somewhere; in some respects; in some way
fleeting; transient; short-lived; empty (dream, etc.); mere (hope); faint (possibility)
seeming; giving the appearance of; giving one the feeling of