indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
cold (to the touch); chilly; icy; (emotionally) cold; coldhearted; unfeeling
to be clear (of a sight, sound, colour, etc.); to be bright; to be clear-headed; to be alert; to look upbeat; to be perky; to master (a skill)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to float; to be suspended; to rise to the surface; to appear; to come to mind; to have inspiration
conspicuously; noticeably; remarkably; especially; particularly
brightness; brilliance; brilliancy; radiance; glitter
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to stare at; to gaze at; to look hard at; to watch intently; to fix one's eyes on
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
light; illumination; glow; lamp; light
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
quite; entirely; completely; as if; as though; just like
guidepost; signpost; guide; manual; tiger beetle (esp. the Japanese tiger beetle, Cicindela japonica)
appearing ...; looking ...; way to ...; method of ...ing; form; style
to lose one's way; to get lost; to waver; to hesitate; to give into temptation; to lose control of oneself
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
to guide; to lead; to show the way; to derive; to deduce
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
to feel (as if); to have a feeling (that); to have a hunch (that); to feel like doing; to want to do
beyond; across; the other side; the distance
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
to chase; to run after; to pursue
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
once; before; formerly; never yet; never before; first time
to taste; to eat; to drink; to speak (of); to refer (to); to say
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...