here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
town; city; municipal; urban
in its entirety; whole; wholly
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
free city (of Germany); commune (of medieval Europe)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
for the first time; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; first time; (one's) first
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
(for something) to have occurred; to have done (something); (for something) to happen on occasion
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
counter for places (offices, facilities, stations)
hunting; hunt; gathering (mushrooms, shellfish, etc.); picking (berries, fruit, etc.); hunting down (a criminal, etc.); rounding up (e.g. communists)
vehicle; conveyance; (means of) transport; ride (at a fair, amusement park, etc.); attraction
to get on (train, plane, bus, ship, etc.); to get in; to get on (e.g. a footstool); to step on; to reach; to go over; to follow
to play (games, sports); to enjoy oneself; to mess about (with alcohol, gambling, philandery, etc.); to be idle; to do nothing; to meet up (with friends); to hang out
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
stealthily; secretly; in secret
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
H; h; indecent; lewd; (having) sex; pervert; nth year in the Heisei era (1989.1.8-2019.4.30)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
(the) second (party, rank, etc.); B (grade); stylish; chic; strange; quaint
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
loose; immoral; dissolute; slovenly; untidy; messy
to be needed; to be necessary; to be required; to be wanted; to need; to want
laid-back; carefree; easygoing; thoughtless; happy-go-lucky
composition; piece of music; tune; melody; enjoyment; fun