limits; boundary; domain; area (e.g. in programming languages)
embarrassed smile; embarrassed laugh; bashful smile
consists of; comprises; is made up of
Treaty of Versailles (1919)
bitter liquid; (fig.) bitter experience
various factors or elements
family which supports a temple; parishioner
first; preliminary; primary (sources, industry, etc.); original; linear (function, equation); first-order
nickname; alias; pseudonym; pen name; nom de plume; other name
pride; dignity; self-respect
under the ... administration; within the ... government
sparkle of one's eyes; insight; discernment; penetration
woman working in the nightlife business (bar or nightclub hostess, geisha, etc.); woman who works in an adult entertainment business; demimondaine; prostitute
pretense; affectation; showiness
imperial soldier; soldier in an imperial army
disqualification; unfitness; noncompliance
to make sure of; to ascertain; to confirm; to grasp
model; standard; pattern; norm; criterion; example
first; firstly; first of all; Introduction; Preface
beacon; skyrocket; signal fire; starting shot; starting signal
to change; to exchange; to convert; to renew; to throw a switch; to replace
white flag; truce flag; surrender flag
sudden rise; steep climb; zoom; trending
upper part; upper region; region above
crowding together; clustering together; close formation; swarm
to get entangled in; to be involved in; to be embroiled in; to get mixed up in
deployment; spreading out; dispersal
column; file; (vertical) line
Kyoto and vicinity (esp. during Edo period); Kyoto-Osaka region; Kansai region
fear; horror; anxiety; concern; uneasiness; reverence
to whirl; to eddy; to be all jumbled together (feelings, thoughts, etc.); to surge; to sweep
to lean on; to recline on; to rely on; to depend on
to stir; to churn; to rummage around; to throw into confusion; to throw into chaos
looking on; remaining a spectator
difference in grades (e.g. in go, shoji, etc.); difference in level (e.g. road, footpath); ramp; steps
toes; tips of the toes; toe of a shoe, sock, etc.
to hang (something) on (something); to throw on (clothes); to hook; to catch; to cheat; to evade payment; to drink (alcohol)
to accustom; to train (e.g. one's ear); to tame; to domesticate; to train (an animal)