indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
the end; the extremity; the limit; the limits; the result
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
mystery; mysteriousness; secret
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
now; the present time; just now; another; more
revolution; 58th year of the sexagenary cycle (in Onmyōdō)
flame; blaze; flames (of intense emotion, e.g. love, jealousy, anger); passion
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to gulp down; to swallow deeply; to understand; to take in; to engulf; to swallow up
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
by no means; never!; something unexpected; emergency; (arch.) currently; (arch.) for the time being
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that; to be the result (of); to be the outcome; to be the reason (for)
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
thought; imagination; mind; desire; wish; love
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
to get angry; to get mad; to tell someone off; to scold; to be angular; to be square
dragon and tiger; (fig.) two mighty rivals
to compete; to contest; to quarrel; to argue; to deny (e.g. evidence)
founder; originator; pioneer
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
spirit of a deceased person; the Holy Ghost; the Holy Spirit
to hold in one's arms (e.g. a baby); to embrace; to hug; to have (a thought or feeling); to hold; to harbour (suspicion, doubt, etc.)
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
jewel; precious stone; gem
to be given; to be granted; to be honored with; to give; to bestow; to confer
arrest; apprehension; capture
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
innocent verdict; "not guilty" verdict