again; once more; a second time
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to come along; to come around; to turn up; to arrive at the present; to get where one is; to have been doing something (for a period of time)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to sink; to go under; to go down (e.g. sun); to set; to feel depressed; to become subdued
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
alternation; change; relief; relay; shift; substitution (sports, etc.)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to sleep; to die; to rest (in peace); to lie idle (e.g. of resources); to lie unused; (arch.) to close one's eyes
stamina; endurance; physical strength; strength of an organization (e.g. profitability, productivity, economic clout, stability, growth potential)
mostly; nearly; practically; well-nigh; almost invariably; all but
restoration; rehabilitation; recovery; recovery (from an illness); recuperation; convalescence
food (esp. staple food such as rice or wheat); provisions; rations; food supply
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be lost (e.g. luggage); to be missing; to be used up; to be run out; to disappear (e.g. pain); to be lost (e.g. a dream, confidence)
finally; at last; in the end; after all; never (happened)
water (esp. cool, fresh water, e.g. drinking water); fluid (esp. in an animal tissue); liquid; flood; floodwaters; water offered to wrestlers just prior to a bout
air; atmosphere; mood; situation; someone with no presence; someone who doesn't stand out at all
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to drain dry; to dry out; to scorch
taking refuge; finding shelter; evacuation; escape; seeking safe haven
hut; cabin; small theatre (theater); temporary playhouse; one's own house
breathing; respiration; knack; trick; harmony; balance
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
painful; difficult; distressing; (psychologically) difficult; straitened (circumstances); tight (financial situation)
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
in that way; thus; so; so?
cold (to the touch); chilly; icy; (emotionally) cold; coldhearted; unfeeling
to inhale; to breathe in; to suck up; to absorb; to soak up
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
painful; sore; cringy; embarrassing; exceeding
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
to freeze; to be frozen over; to congeal
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
to wear (in modern Japanese, from the shoulders down); to put on; to bear (guilt, etc.)
in addition; furthermore; above (which); on top of (which)