horizontally mounted; horizontally parked; placed flat; lay-flat
to pile up; to accumulate
to form; to make; to build up (e.g. a fortune); to create; to accomplish; to achieve; to change (into)
to crumble down; to tumble down; to fall in
death by suffocation; death by choking
till; to; concerning (an area of expertise); swearing by (one's sword, God, etc.)
one copy (of a book, magazine, etc.); one volume
to read (a book); to open (a book) to read; to unravel (e.g. a mystery); to discover (the truth)
(piece of) writing; document; (act of) writing
bewilderment; perplexity; embarrassment; confusion
-like; -looking; -looked; tending to ...
to close (at a certain point); to cut short; to round up (number); to revalue (currency)
to live; to reside; to inhabit
uncivilized; uncivilised; undeveloped (land); unexplored (territory, field, etc.); unbloomed (flower)
culture; civilization; civilisation; Bunka era (1804.2.11-1818.4.22)
terminal; computer terminal; information access device (smartphone, tablet, book-reader, etc.); end (e.g. of a roll of film)
wisdom; intelligence; sagacity
to convey; to report; to transmit; to communicate; to tell; to impart
to spread; to propagate; to popularize; to broaden; to extend; to widen
printout; (computer) printing
nothing; nil; naught; nought
the number of flat things; win-loss difference which influences the ranking of wrestlers
mouth; lips; shape of the mouth; near an entrance; vicinity of an entrance
as (much) as possible; as (much) as one can; wherever practicable; if possible
thirst; craving; thirst (for love, knowledge, etc.); hunger
exile; banishment; deportation
imprisonment; captive; prisoner
to take refuge in; to succeed in running away
bad person; villain; scoundrel; wrongdoer; wicked person
reference (e.g. to a dictionary, passage, footnotes); consultation; comparison; browsing (to a file or folder)
cover (of a book, magazine, etc.); binding; to appear on the cover of a magazine
standard language (used in government, education, etc.); standard Japanese
to write down; to note down; to mention; to describe; to inscribe; to mark
medical treatment; medical care
book; document; calligraphy (esp. Chinese); penmanship; handwriting; letter
technical civilization; technical civilisation
looking upon (someone) as an enemy; regarding as an enemy; being hostile toward