hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to face; to go towards; to head towards
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
worry; fear; anxiety; concern
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
rumour; rumor; report; hearsay; gossip; common talk
imagination; supposition; guess
not less than; ... and over; beyond (e.g. one's expectations); above; above-mentioned; aforementioned
delicious; tasty; sweet; attractive; appealing; convenient
depression; melancholy; dejection; gloom; despondency
to dispel; to clear away; to accomplish a goal; (arch.) to make it sunny; (arch.) to make clouds disappear
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
ideally; if one were to wish for more
(some) more; even more; longer; further
deep (colour); dark; strong (flavour, smell, etc.); thick (consistency); dense; strong (possibility, etc.)
seasoning; flavour; flavor
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to that extent; accordingly; that being the case; that state; that condition
being fond of; having a liking for; to the liking of; favored by; popular with
flavor; flavour; charm; appeal; experience; taste (e.g. of victory)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to deem acceptable; to approve of; to value; to consider a good thing
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
full stomach; filling one's stomach; eating one's fill; complete; total; full
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
abdomen; belly; womb; one's mind; one's real intentions; courage; nerve
to grow long (e.g. hair, nails); to lengthen; to extend; to reach out; to hold out; to straighten; to smooth out