again; once more; a second time
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
fingertip; finger; toe tip; toe
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
duvet; bed cover; coverlet; quilt; comforter; eiderdown
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
slowly and quietly; smoothly
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to shake and untangle; to shake free from
in order to (e.g. meet goal); so that; take care (so as); hoping or wishing for something
hand; arm; forepaw; foreleg; handle; hand; worker
once; one time; temporarily; for a moment; one degree; one tone
strong; potent; strong; brawny; good (at); skilled; being able to handle
to clasp; to grasp; to hold (the answer); to have (e.g. the solution); to seize (power); to hold (the reins)
big; large; loud; extensive; spacious; important
to open (e.g. doors); to open (e.g. business, etc.); to be empty; to be vacant; to be available; to be open (e.g. neckline, etc.); to have been opened (of one's eyes, mouth, etc.)
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
sound; noise; note; fame; Chinese-derived character reading
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
carrying (on one's person or in the hand); mobile phone; cell phone
futon; Japanese bedding consisting of a mattress and a duvet; round cushion used for Zen meditation (traditionally made of woven bulrush leaves)
to pull into; to draw in; to bring in; to win over
to sound; to ring; to resound; to echo; to roar; to rumble
to continue; to keep up; to keep on
to push; to press; to apply pressure from above; to press down; to stamp (i.e. a passport); to apply a seal; to affix (e.g. gold leaf)
leaving as is; leaving alone; leaving to chance; neglecting; abandoning
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
body; oneself; one's place; one's position; main part; meat (as opposed to bone, skin, etc.)
to make round; to roll up; to seduce; to cajole; to round off (a fraction); (arch.) to lump together
sleepy; drowsy; somnolent
to begin making a sound (ringing, singing, crying, etc.)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to sigh; to breathe a sigh
idea; notion; sense (e.g. of duty); resignation; preparedness; observation and contemplation
head; hair (on one's head); mind; brains; leader; chief; top
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to rise; to go up; to enter (esp. from outdoors); to come in; to enter (a school); to advance to the next grade; to get out (of water)
to close one's eyes partly; to squint; to smile with one's whole face; to look fondly at
as it is; as one likes; because; condition; state