to accept someone's challenge; to take up the gauntlet
okonomiyaki; savoury pancake fried on an iron griddle with vegetables, meat and/or seafood and topped with various sauces and condiments
necessary; indispensable; must-have; must (juice of grapes or other fruit prior to fermentation into wine)
city; Tokyo Metropolitan Assembly
to turn over; to turn upside down; to knock over; to tip over; to overturn (e.g. a decision); to upset
adding (an extra amount); increasing; tacking on (a charge)
Kansai (region comprising Kyoto, Osaka, Kobe and surrounding prefectures); Kansai (western half of Japan; during the feudal era)
depression; melancholy; dejection; gloom; despondency
working feverishly; strenuous efforts; furious dedication (to a task); (arch.) having dishevelled hair; (arch.) fighting with dishevelled hair
to work hard; to sweat; to wash off one's sweat
to spread (e.g. a rumor); to circulate; to disseminate
photo studio; photographer; camera shop; photography supplies shop; photo processing shop; photo finishing shop
being selected (for a prize, exhibition, etc.); being accepted; winning
negative; negative (e.g. thinking)
publication of results; announcement of results
to hang (something) on the wall
right above; just above; directly above; directly overhead
symbol used in place of a censored word (e.g. blank, circle, X, asterisk); turn (in set-type proofing); upside-down character
bowl; vessel; container; ability; capacity; calibre
reduction (of a moyo or influence); reducing move
to change the position of
just safe (e.g. just avoiding being late, failing an exam, etc.); only just OK; barely acceptable
Buddha; stupa; Buddhist temple; Buddhist monk
look; glance; (at first) sight
to not make good use of (e.g. advice); to disregard; to treat as useless; to treat with disdain
bygones; the past; past event
pull; patronage; tug; room to move the camera back; drawing back; pulling back
to put in order; to arrange; to get ready; to prepare; to adjust; to regulate (e.g. rhythm, tune, one's breathing)
to weather (a storm, rough seas); to ride across; to get through (adversity); to weather; to load completely (e.g. books on a shelf, people or luggage in a car)
to row (a boat) to (a pier, shore, etc.); to reach (a goal after considerable effort); to arrive at; to (finally) manage to do
emergency; extreme; great; extraordinary
to give a round of applause; to applaud
and (also); both ... and; as well as
people; (all) persons; everyone; (arch.) you (usu. plural)
thanks to your assistance; thanks to your help; thanks to your support