if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to turn back (e.g. half-way); to return; to go back; to recover (e.g. something lost); to be returned; to rebound
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
honorific/polite/humble prefix
itself; one's own body; oneself; originally; naturally
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to change; to be transformed; to move to; to be different; to be uncommon
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
meow; miaow; cat; sexual intercourse; making out
now that you say that; now that you mention it
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
cat (esp. the domestic cat, Felis catus); shamisen; geisha; wheelbarrow; clay bed-warmer; bottom; submissive partner of a homosexual relationship
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
fine weather; fair weather
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
jello; gelatin dessert; jelly
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
how; in what way; how about; questionable
feeling refreshed; feeling relieved; neat; tidy; frank; open-hearted; completely
to have (e.g. lunch); to take (e.g. vitamins)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
delicious; tasty; sweet; attractive; appealing; convenient
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
certain; sure; doubtless; I have no doubt; You can depend on it; It's a safe bet
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!