indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
partition; division; separation; segmenting; splitting
slanting; tilted; sloping; distorted (feeling); slanted (e.g. view of the world); bad (mood)
establishment; creation; posing (a problem); options setting; preference settings; configuration
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
pattern; figure; state; condition; conjecture of the current situation; the way it seems; model
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
blocking (e.g. the way); obstructing; block (lump of something (usu. square), area of town, etc.); block; physical record (e.g. on magnetic tape); concrete block; blocking (from view, esp. of websites, on social media, etc.)
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
horizontal (as opposed to vertical); lying down; side-to-side (as opposed to front-to-back); width; side (of a box, etc.); beside
half; semi-; half-past; odd number; (arch.) unit of land area (595.8 m^2)
the vertical; height; front-to-back; length; north-to-south; vertical (relationship)
band (e.g. conduction, valence); belt (e.g. Van-Allen, asteroid, etc.)
Yamagata (city, prefecture); mountain shape; chevron; cone
indication; expression; display; displaying; representation; (copyright) attribution
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
change; modification; alteration; revision; amendment
red; red color (colour); red-colored; red; communism; the left
pink (colour, color); (lit.) colour of peach (flowers)
green; emerald green; green color of new foliage; verdure
number of times; frequency; count
thin; pale; light; watery; thin; weak (taste, etc.); little (affection, etc.) not much (of a presence)
medium; average; moderation; middle school; China; volume two (of three); during (a certain time when one did or is doing something)
bluish-green; turquoise; aqua