indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
while; during; while; although; all; both
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
than; from; out of; except; but; more
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
outside; exterior; the open (air); other place; somewhere else
normal; ordinary; normally; ordinarily; local train; train that stops at every station
immediately; at once; soon; before long; easily; readily
to discover; to find (e.g. an error in a book); to locate; to find (e.g. something missing); to be used to seeing; to be familiar with
road; path; route; way; distance; journey; road (e.g. to victory)
sudden; abrupt; urgent; pressing; steep; sharp; rapid