indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to chase; to run after; to follow (a set order, a trend, etc.); to drive out; to get rid of; to drive (e.g. a herd)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
historic ruins (remains, relics); archeological site
to face; to go towards; to head towards
library; book storage; stack room; archive (file)
to feel around for; to fumble for; to investigate; to probe into; to explore (parts unknown); to enjoy (natural beauty)
fresco; mural; wall painting
(university) president; chancellor; principal; provost
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
don't you think?; indicates question
study; research; investigation
very; awfully; exceedingly; (not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
danger; peril; hazard; risk
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to hide; to be hidden; to conceal oneself; to disappear
activity (of a person, organization, animal, volcano, etc.); action; movie (esp. during the silent movie period)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
muscle; tendon; vein; artery; fiber; fibre; line
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable
always; without exception; necessarily; certainly; without fail; positively
to find out; to discover; to locate
(private) secretary; treasured book; secret book
name; given name; first name
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
now that you mention it; come to think of it; that reminds me; on that subject; speaking of which
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as