indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
position; location; base; point; site
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
activity (of a person, organization, animal, volcano, etc.); action; movie (esp. during the silent movie period)
thief; robber; burglar; bandit
body; group; party; company; troupe
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
poor; needy; lacking (quantity and quality-wise); poor; scanty
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to roll up; to hoist; to take away; to rip off (e.g. money from someone); to blow up (dust)
landowner; landlord; landlady
injustice; impropriety; unreasonableness; undeserved; unfair; invalid
transactions; dealings; business
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
large quantity; massive (quantity); mass (e.g. mass production, mass transit, mass destruction)
to get; to earn; to understand; to comprehend; to receive something undesirable (e.g. a punishment); to get (ill)
to aim at (with a weapon, etc.); to be after (something or someone); to have an eye on; to aim for; to set up as a goal
companion; fellow; group; company; member of the same category (family, class)
together with; as X, then Y (e.g. as we age we gain wisdom, as wine matures it becomes more valuable, etc.)
to work; to labor; to function; to operate; to commit (e.g. a crime); to perpetrate
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
originally; by nature; from the start
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
living; life (one's daily existence); livelihood
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to maintain itself; to last; to make itself pay; to make a living; to keep going
out of necessity; with no other option; perforce; unavoidably; reluctantly; unwillingly
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
now; the present time; just now; another; more
being resolved to (do something); having a wholehearted intention
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
to quit (a shady business); to wash one's hands of; to cut one's ties with; to wash one's feet
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
to steal; to plagiarize; to steal (a technique, idea, etc.); to do stealthily; to do during scant time; to steal a base
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
to aim at (for, to do, to become); to try for; to have an eye on; to go toward; to head for
to live (of humans); to reside; to inhabit; to dwell; to abide
inconspicuous; unobtrusive; low-profile
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
myself; yourself; I; me; you