indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
how; in what way; how about
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
big; large; loud; extensive; spacious; important
high; tall; expensive; high-priced; high (level); above average (in degree, quality, etc.)
very; awfully; exceedingly; (not) at all; by no means; simply (cannot)
enjoyable; fun; pleasant; happy; delightful
remainder; remnant; (not) very; (not) much; too much; excessively
small; little; slight; below average (in degree, amount, etc.); low (e.g. sound); soft (e.g. voice)
new; novel; fresh; recent; latest; up-to-date
lively; full of spirit; energetic; healthy; well; fit
living; life (one's daily existence); livelihood
slowly; quietly; steadily; soon; momentarily; before long
red; crimson; Red; communist; (arch.) beautiful
discourtesy; impoliteness; excuse me; goodbye; to leave; to be rude
quiet; silent; slow; unhurried; calm; peaceful
interesting; fascinating; amusing; funny; enjoyable; fun
difficult; hard; impossible; unfeasible; fussy; particular; gloomy
mountain; hill; mine (e.g. coal mine); heap; pile; crown (of a hat); thread (of a screw)
hot (thing); passionate (feelings, etc.); ardent; hot (e.g. temper); zealous; enthusiastic; intense
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
black; dark; blackish; suspicious; criminal; darkened and dirty; sooty
cold (to the touch); chilly; icy; (emotionally) cold; coldhearted; unfeeling
to get used to; to grow accustomed to; to become skilled in; to become experienced at; to become tame; to become domesticated
town; block; street; road; 109.09 m; 0.99 hectares
low (rank, degree, value, content, quality, etc.); low (position); close to the ground; short (height); deep (voice); in a low key
which (of three or more); well; now; c'mon
study; diligence; discount; reduction
busy; occupied; hectic; restless; hurried; fidgety
car; automobile; vehicle; wheel
spare time; free time; time (e.g. time it takes to do something); time off; day off; quitting (one's job); firing someone
cold (e.g. weather); uninteresting (esp. joke); lame; dull
old; aged; long; since long ago; of the distant past; long-ago