indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
now; the present time; just now; another; more
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
very; greatly; immense; enormous; serious; grave
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
to work; to labor; to function; to operate; to commit (e.g. a crime); to perpetrate
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
to be absent; to take a day off; to rest; to have a break; to go to bed; to (lie down to) sleep
study; diligence; discount; reduction
minute (unit of time); fun (one tenth of a monme, 5.787 grains)
hour; o'clock; (specified) time; when ...; during ...
half; semi-; half-past; odd number; (arch.) unit of land area (595.8 m^2)
let me see; well; errr ...; uhh ...
that way; that direction; there; that (one); you; your family
noon; midday; daytime; lunch
rest; recess; vacation; holiday; dormancy (of a silkworm prior to moulting)
to obey respectfully; to humble oneself; to sit straight (upright, respectfully, attentively)
evening; night; dinner; evening meal; counter for nights
lunch break; noon recess; noon rest period
day after tomorrow; wrong (e.g. direction)
bank; banking institution
what time; (lit.) which hour
department store; department