this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
pregnancy; conception; gestation
certain; sure; definite; reliable; sound; solid
mark; sign; symbol; emblem; badge; crest
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
set; set meal; combo-meal; hairdo
to load (a gun, etc.); to charge; to put into (e.g. emotion, effort); to include (e.g. tax in a sales price); to hang over; to shroud
medium; average; moderation; middle school; China; volume two (of three); during (a certain time when one did or is doing something)
book; volume; this; present; main; head
elegance; grace; article; item; counter for items (of food, etc.); counter for dishes or courses (at a restaurant)
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
not exceeding; and downward; below (e.g. standard); under (e.g. a level); the below-mentioned; the following
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
to be complete; to be all present; to be equal; to be uniform; to gather; to assemble
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
confirmation; verification; validation; review; check; affirmation
please (give me); please (do for me)
cartoon; comic; comic strip; manga
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to study (in depth); to learn; to take lessons in
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
making; forming; cultivating; form; appearance
married couple; husband and wife; man and wife; his and hers; pair of objects, one larger (for man), one smaller (for woman)
imitating; copying; mimicry; behavior; behaviour; action
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
but; however; provided that
(an) adult their age (should, should not, etc.); grown man (woman); person who is old enough (to know better)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
embarrassing; embarrassed; ashamed; disgraceful; shameful
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
always; without exception; necessarily; certainly; without fail; positively
everyone; anyone; no one; nobody
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
serious; honest; sober; grave; earnest; steady