argument; discussion; theory (e.g. of evolution); doctrine; essay; treatise
account of a dream; fantastic story; wild tale; empty dream
to arrive; to reach; to adhere; to insist on; to put on; to wear
the shogunate (administration)
world; society; life; lifetime; age; era; reign
to cause; to induce; to bring about; to pull upright; to help up (e.g. a fallen person)
whether one wants to or not; without choice
founding a country; opening of a country (e.g. Japan) to the world; ending (a policy of) national seclusion
gradually; steadily; slowly; little by little; step by step; by degrees
to begin to walk; to set out
consists of; comprises; is made up of
coercion; overpowering; to overpower; to overawe; to daunt
opening a port (seaport, airport, etc.); starting operations at a port; opening a port to foreign vessels or trade
to have been decided (so) that; to have been arranged (so) that
snell (fishing); leader; trace; cast
consequence; causal relationship; nexus
national border; provincial border
popular use; circulation; to pass as; to pass for
target; object (of worship, study, etc.); subject (of taxation, etc.)
outside of; not covered by
present age; present day; today; modern era; modern times
in spite of; nevertheless; although; despite; no matter the; regardless of
to suffer; to groan; to be worried
let me humbly say; most humbly; with all due respect
repetitious; long-winded; heavy (taste); (overly) rich; gaudy (colour, design, etc.); loud
related to; in relation to; as far as ... is concerned
being baptized; undergoing baptism
majority; more than half; most (of); mostly; largely; mainly
to assume an aspect; to take on an appearance
not only ... (but also); not merely; as well as; furthermore; besides; moreover
perquisite; perk; side benefit; emoluments
bureaucrat; government official; bureaucracy
accepting bribes; corruption; graft
slight; insignificant; small
(those) who are; (that) which is; in the capacity of
I'm sorry; (it's) inexcusable; I feel regretful; thank you very much (for help, etc.)
to change; to alter; to mistake; to make a mistake; to fail to keep (e.g. one's promise); to sprain (a muscle)
on purpose; deliberately; intentionally