rain; rainy day; rainy weather; the November suit (in hanafuda)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to clear up; to clear away; to refresh (e.g. spirits); to be cleared (e.g. of a suspicion); to be dispelled; to be banished
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
tragedy; tragic drama; tragic play; tragedy; calamity; disaster
June; sixth month of the lunar calendar
thirtieth day of the month; thirty days
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
mountain; hill; mine (e.g. coal mine); heap; pile; crown (of a hat); thread (of a screw)
plain; field; hidden (structural) member; wild; lacking a political post
teacher; instructor; sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.; intimate or teasing form of address; (arch.) one's elder
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to come together; to join; to get married; to become a married couple
senior high school; high school
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
dull; uninteresting; insignificant; unimportant; absurd; foolish
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
university; college; former central university of Kyoto (established under the ritsuryo system for the training of government administrators); the Great Learning (one of the Four Books)
taking an examination (esp. school and university entrance)
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
finding employment; getting a job
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
only; merely; approximately; about; just (finished, etc.); as if to; (as though) about to
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to say; to speak; to tell; to talk
few; a little; scarce; insufficient; seldom
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
than; from; out of; except; but; more
pupil; student; schoolchild
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
enjoyable; fun; pleasant; happy; delightful
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
I wonder; do you think?; I might; some kind; some stage; somehow
when it comes to ...; if one were to speak of ...; by ... you mean ...; when you say ... you mean that ...; whenever ...; if it's ... then (without fail)
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...