illustration appearing in the first pages of a publication; frontispiece
text (of a book, document, etc.); body (of a letter); this passage; this sentence
illustration; picture; sketch; drawing; figure
prologue; prolog; Prolog (Programming in Logic)
small quantity; little; little while; short distance
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
appearing that; seeming that; looking like; having the appearance of
and yet; despite this; but even so; but even then; however; nevertheless
cloud of dust (sand, etc.)
to dance (orig. a whirling dance); to flutter about; to revolve
examination; exam; test; trial; experiment; test
assembly hall; meeting place; venue; grounds
next (to); adjoining; adjacent; house next door; neighbouring house; next-door neighbour
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
sword (esp. a large, double-edged one); blade; bayonet; swordsmanship; stinger; ovipositor
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
negligence; carelessness; inattention; unpreparedness
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
to set up (a house, store, etc.); to build; to have at the ready (e.g. a gun); to hold in preparation (e.g. a camera); to adopt a posture; to assume a stance; to put on an air
red; crimson; red-containing colour (e.g. brown, pink, orange); Red (i.e. communist); red light (traffic); red ink (i.e. in finance or proof-reading); (in) the red
hair (on the head); tresses; locks
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to tease; to make fun of; to poke fun at; to make a crack about; to chaff; to kid
to greet; to call out (to); to invite; to get in touch (with); to cheer (on); to give vocal support (to)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
almost; roughly; approximately
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
dainty; delicate; slender; fragile (e.g. furniture); delicate; frail
terrible; dreadful; terrifying; surprising; startling; tremendous
to be ready; to be prepared; to be in order; to be put in order; to be adjusted; to be regulated
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to wear (in modern Japanese, from the shoulders down); to put on; to bear (guilt, etc.)
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
clear; obvious; evident; bright; light