choking; suffocating; stifling; oppressive; heavy
heat; hot air; enthusiasm; excitement; fever
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to tan (i.e. suntan); to burn
cloudless (sky); without a cloud (in the sky)
fine weather (i.e. little or no clouds); fair weather; clear weather; clear sky; fair skies
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
under (guidance, supervision, rules, the law, etc.); under (a flag, the sun, etc.); beneath; with (e.g. one blow); on (the promise, condition, assumption, etc. that ...); (somebody's) side
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to advance; to go forward; to precede; to go ahead (of); to make progress; to improve; to deepen
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
one; 1; best; first; foremost; beginning; start
minute (unit of time); fun (one tenth of a monme, 5.787 grains)
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
to pass (of time); to elapse
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to stick (to); to cling (to); to stay (e.g. in the office)
handle; steering wheel; handlebar; handlebars; handle; screen name
to glide; to slide (e.g. on skis); to fail (an examination); to bomb (when telling a joke); to drop; to go down
ear; hearing; edge; crust; selvedge (non-fray machined edge of fabrics); selvage
to break; to tear; to pierce; to split; to burst
cicada; locust; small-sized pulley
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
discomfort index; temperature-humidity index
to raise; to lift; to boost; to enhance
main cause; primary factor
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
summer vacation; summer holiday
right in the midst of; right at the height of
August; eighth month of the lunar calendar
fifth day of the month; five days
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
recently; lately; these days; nearest; closest