flies that appear in Tohoku and Hokkaido in late autumn or early winter (esp. the woolly apple aphid); flies that appear above fallen snow in the early spring (esp. certain species of small winter stonefly and true crane fly)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to fly; to soar; to jump; to leap; to spatter; to scatter; to hurry
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
Hakodate (city in Hokkaido)
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to return; to come home; to leave (of a guest, customer, etc.); to get home; to get to home plate
5th day of the month; five days
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
northern country; northern provinces; northern regions; northland
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
to fall (of rain, snow, ash, etc.); to come down; to form (of frost); to beam down (of sunlight or moonlight); to pour in; to visit (of luck, misfortune, etc.)
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
biting louse (any louse of order Mallophaga); small winged insect (esp. a flying ant or termite)
rather than; more ... than ...
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
rather; better; instead; if anything
to drift; to float; to waft (e.g. a scent); to hang in the air; to be in the air (e.g. a feeling or mood); to wander; to walk around aimlessly
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
seeming; giving the appearance of; giving one the feeling of
taste; elegance; appearance; air; the likes of ...; lowly people such as ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
people; men and women; each person; everybody
cold (e.g. weather); uninteresting (esp. joke); lame; dull
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to go out to meet; to receive; to call for; to summon; to accept (e.g. as a member of a group or family); to take (e.g. a wife)
severe; strict; hard (to do); difficult; intense (e.g. cold); harsh (weather)
structure; construction; posture (e.g. in martial arts); pose; readiness; determination
with a whiff; with a puff; suddenly; abruptly; without warning
to destroy; to demolish; to disturb; to put into disorder; to relax (one's pose); to make oneself at ease; to break (a bill)
tender; kind; gentle; graceful; affectionate; amiable
feeling; mood; disposition; mental attitude; somewhat; slightly
already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more
a little; a bit; a little while; a short time; a little way; a short distance
warm; mild; warm (of a colour); mellow; having enough money
to be lost (e.g. luggage); to be missing; to be used up; to be run out; to disappear (e.g. pain); to be lost (e.g. a dream, confidence)