prefix for forming ordinal numbers
counter for stories, episodes of TV series, etc.
follow-up report; further news
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
acceptable; satisfactory; approval; being in favour; Pass (grade); Fair
to swipe; to nick; to pilfer; to steal
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
what's the best thing to do?; what to do?
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
finally; at last; in the end; after all; never (happened)
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
aah!; ooh!; oh no!; oh boy!
lunch break; noon recess; noon rest period
classroom; lecture room; department (in a university); class; lessons; school (for a particular discipline)
procurement; purchase; buying; school store; co-op; school canteen
bread; (sweet) pastry; staff of life; one's bread
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to stick; to paste; to stretch; to spread; to form (e.g. ice on a pond); to fill; to swell
front; frontage; facade; main
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
strange; odd; unexpected; change; incident; disturbance
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
together with; as X, then Y (e.g. as we age we gain wisdom, as wine matures it becomes more valuable, etc.)
to stand up; to get up; to rise; to recover; to take action; to start; to make the initial charge
as one would expect; naturally; indeed; still; all the same; after all
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
another person; other people; unrelated person (i.e. not related by blood); outsider; stranger
swing; shake; appearance; behaviour; pretence (pretense); show; going to restaurant, hotel etc. without a reservation or introduction
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to look away; to avert one's eyes
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
adds force or indicates command
brilliant; glorious; glittering; bright; splendid (e.g. achievement, success); promising (e.g. future)
the future (usually distant); future tense; the world to come
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo