this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
easy; trifling; harmless; nothing of the sort; not at all
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
small; little; slight; below average (in degree, amount, etc.); low (e.g. sound); soft (e.g. voice)
cute; adorable; dear; precious; innocent; childlike
senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to be delighted; to be glad; to congratulate; to gratefully accept
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
result; consequence; coming to fruition; bearing fruit; as a result; consequently
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
immediately; right away; at once; instantly
to be shy; to be bashful; to feel awkward; to feel embarrassed
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
in that way; thus; so; so?
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
something; something or other; so-and-so; somehow; anyhow; one way or another
to defend against; to protect against; to prevent; to avert; to avoid
while; even though; despite
junior (at work, school, etc.); younger people; younger student
towards; against; regarding; in contrast with
dignity; majesty; solemnity; gravity
to (take out and) show; to demonstrate; to point out (finger, clock hand, needle, etc.); to indicate; to show
various; all sorts of; variety of; (arch.) various colors (colours)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
to profit; to benefit from; to take advantage of; to make good use of
everyday; daily; ordinary; usual; routine; regular
story; tale; talk; discussion
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
morning; breakfast; (arch.) next morning
school route; street for students going to and from school (esp. on foot)
a lot; lots; enough; sufficient; enough; too many
pupil; student; schoolchild
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to be crowded with people; to be bustling with; to prosper; to flourish; to do thriving business
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
attendance (at school); going to school
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
inexperienced; unfamiliar (with); unversed; lacking experience
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
new student; freshman; first-year student