illustration; picture; sketch; drawing; figure
evil; wickedness; (role of) the villain (in theatre, etc.); the bad guy
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
abrupt; sudden; unexpected
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
Aalen (Germany); Ahlen; Arlen
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
although I say; although one might say; although called
to deepen; to heighten; to intensify
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
ticktock; chinking (e.g. of a hammer against rock); knocking; dry and hard; (frozen) stiff; hidebound
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to make a sound; to give off a sound; to hear a sound
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to turn towards; to point
shadow; silhouette; reflection; image; ominous sign; light (stars, moon)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be seen; to be in sight; to look; to seem; to come
department (in an organization); division; club; part; component; category
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
house (e.g. of Tokugawa); family
to mince; to cut fine; to carve; to engrave; to tick away (time); to beat out (e.g. rhythm); to etch (into one's mind)
now; the present time; just now; another; more