indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
what is called; as it is called; the so-called; so to speak
goblin; apparition; monster; ghost; phantom; spectre
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
approximately; about; to (about) the extent that; (almost) enough that; as ... as ...; like
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
myself; yourself; I; me; you
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
disliked; hated; tendency; smack (of); distinction; discrimination
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
to gouge; to hollow out; to greatly perturb; to cause emotional pain; to get to the bottom of things; to relentlessly bring the truth to light
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
red; crimson; Red; communist; (arch.) beautiful
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
to operate (e.g. a machine); to handle; to have a good command of (a language); to play proficiently (of a musical instrument); to work (a puppet); to pull the strings of a puppet
to be able (to); to be possible (to)
to bewilder; to perplex; to puzzle; to tempt; to seduce
to trick; to cheat; to deceive; to seduce
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
aloneness; loneliness; solitude
quiet; silent; slow; unhurried; calm; peaceful
to want; to wish for; to request; to demand; to seek; to search for
lonely; lonesome; solitary; desolate
to bury (e.g. in the ground); to fill up (e.g. audience fills a hall); to cause to be packed; to plug (a gap); to stop (a gap); to make up for (a loss, shortage, etc.); to make amends
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
dull; uninteresting; insignificant; unimportant; absurd; foolish
somewhere; anywhere; in some respects
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for