sovereign; emperor; monarch
recent past; recent times; early modern period (from the Azuchi-Momoyama period to the end of the Edo period)
rule; reign; government; governing
not understanding; not knowing
vertical axis; vertical line; vertical shaft; spindle; connection between past and present
abscissa; horizontal axis; horizontal scroll
attribute; property; context; character class, type, fetish, etc.
fashion; trend; vogue; prevalence (of a disease); epidemic
combustibility; inflammability; combustible; inflammable
in a sense; in some way; to an extent
vegetables or fish boiled in soy sauce
dish of fish or meat flavoured with soy sauce, mirin, etc., coated with starch and then deep-fried
(United States of) America; USA
stage; step; level; rank; order; stairs
to cook (grains, e.g. rice); to boil; to simmer; to stew
with these words; while saying
drink box; carton (milk, juice, etc.); paper bag (for vacuum cleaners)
Mecca; Makkah; mecca; centre for some field or activity (center)
to assume the posture of praying; to press the palms and fingers of both hands together; to beg; to make a supplication; to see (something or someone of high status)
need for caution; need for care; requiring special attention
to rush on; to attack; to swoop down on
close; intimate; on good terms
fireball; ball of fire; will-o'-the-wisp; jack-o'-lantern
downheartedly; dejectedly; dispiritedly; despondently
to scatter; to cause a shower of; to disperse; to distribute; to resolve (a symptom, condition, etc.); to relieve
reins; bridle; control; the reins (on)
continuation; rest (of the story, work, etc.); flow (e.g. of a piece of writing); pacing (of a story); succession (of); sequence
on bad terms; at loggerheads
long ago; already; a long time ago
quarrel; brawl; fight; squabble; scuffle; argument
like cats and dogs; (on) very bad terms; (lit.) relationship of dogs and monkeys
to act as a go-between (for); to mediate; to arrange; to entertain (guests); to treat; to receive
eating everything (on one's plate, etc.)
gradually; slowly but steadily
to pierce; to penetrate; to be infected (with vice); to be steeped (with prejudice); to feel keenly; to make a deep impression